May 19, · Performance Appraisals Performance appraisal plays a key role in evaluating the performances of employees and how much they deviate from the expected performance. Kopp () briefly describes five appraisal instruments that can be used to evaluate employees' performance Performance Appraisals: Performance Appraisal. Performance Appraisals Performance appraisals are used to rate several things in organizations in regards to employees and their performance. There are several types of performance appraisals that can be given. The textbook mentions three different types of data that performance appraisals collect. The types of data include Apr 10, · Performance appraisal is one of the principal topics that the paper relates to as the writer tests several theories with the purpose of determining the techniques that managers use and their tendency to adopt particular attitudes
Performance Appraisal - Words | Essay Example
To attain high competitive advantage in an extremely dynamic environment, it is imperative for organizations to integrate effective management tools. One of the areas that organization management teams should focus on relates to improving their performance appraisal essay capital. Performance appraisal is one of the most effective management instruments that firms can integrate in their effort to influence the employees energy in order to achieve their strategic goals.
This arises from the fact that if well implemented, performance appraisal enables employees to be focused towards organizational values, mission and vision. Performance appraisal essay this paper, the concept of performance appraisal is comprehensively evaluated.
Performance appraisal refers to a formal management system that is used by organizations in the evaluation of individual employee performance. The appraisal form usually contains a number of questions that assesses the employee performance on different dimensions. The concept of performance appraisal was first conceived in the United States in by General Lewis Cass.
However, after the First World War, businesses adopted divergent merit systems in an effort to evaluate their performance. During the s, Peter Drucker introduced the concept of Management by Objective MBO. Additionally, Douglas McGregor developed the concept of Theory X and Y.
As a result, most organizations shifted from trait assessment and formulated evaluation procedures that were based on goals. Over the years, the concept of performance appraisal has undergone significant development Grote 3. Performance appraisal has increasingly been regarded as an indispensable management tool. This arises from the fact that there are numerous benefits associated with performance appraisal to both managers and organizations Chandramohan Through performance appraisal, managers are able to make effective decisions with regard to different personnel aspects.
According to Chandramohanperformance appraisal serves four main purposes. These relate to developmental purpose, organizational maintenance, administrative purposes and documentation purposes.
Performance appraisal enables organizations to attain this through provision of performance feedback. According to Bhattacharyya 57the feedback provided forms the basis upon which the employee improves his or her future performance. This arises from the fact that increases the rate of interaction between the employees and the management team. Performance appraisal is one of the management tools that managers rely in the process of executing various human resource management roles such as staffing.
For example, some situations such as economic realities may force organizations to undertake downsizing. During this process, managers rely on performance appraisal to ensure that they only retrench marginal performance and retain the most talented employees Grote 5. According to Snell and Bohlanderthe data obtained by conducting performance appraisal can be used to undertake human resource planning such as determining job worth.
Additionally, the data can also be used to validate selection tests. Organizations also use performance appraisal to document human resource management actions that can lead to performance appraisal essay actions. Different governments have formulated directives aimed at ensuring affirmative action and equal employment opportunities within organizations. To protect themselves from possible legal actions for example on the basis of discrimination, it has become imperative for organizations to maintain accurate employee records.
Different terms have been used to describe performance appraisal. Some of these include performance review, performance evaluation, employee evaluation, annual review and employee appraisal.
According to Harvard Business School 4performance appraisal is a system that is used to support organizational employees in their on-the-job performance. Traditionally, the threat of punishment and economic rewards in order to motivate the employees to achieve the formulated organizational goals formed the basis of performance appraisal. However, currently performance appraisal is undertaken for motivational and developmental processes.
As a result, the process of performance appraisal should be an considered as an ongoing process and not an annual process, performance appraisal essay. Grote 1 asserts that the process of performance appraisal should follow a 4-phase model which includes performance planning, performance appraisal essay, performance execution, performance assessment and performance review.
The chart below illustrates these four phases. Bhattacharyya 54 is of the opinion that performance appraisal is one of the most important elements of performance management. It is not possible to conduct performance management without integrating performance appraisal. The chart below illustrates performance appraisal as an element of performance management. Performance appraisal enables organizations to understand their position with regard performance appraisal essay performance relative to that of their competitors.
Considering the dynamic nature of environment within organizations operate, it has become performance appraisal essay for organizations to incorporate the concept of performance appraisal in their effort to attain employee performances and management goals.
Through performance appraisal, organizations are able to develop and sustain their competitive advantage. Performance appraisal takes diverse forms such as formal or informal, open or confidential and oral or documented. In their operation, performance appraisal essay, organizations adopt formal and documented systems of performance appraisals Sims Bhattacharyya 55 is of the opinion that the process of performance appraisal contributes towards improvement in the level of performance both at the organizational and individual level.
However, in order to attain these benefits, it is paramount for organizations to develop effective performance performance appraisal essay systems. For example, a particular performance appraisal system that contributes to some of the employees being rewarded while the others are left out may increase the level of de-motivation. The appraisal system should focus on issues such as rewards, promotion, employee development and mentoring and development, performance appraisal essay.
To effectively conduct performance appraisal, management teams should consider a number of steps. The first step entails establishing performance standards by writing down the job description. The second step entails communicating the standards to all the employees so as to ensure that they understand the basis of the performance appraisal.
During this step, it is important for firms to undertake short term reviews rather than annual reviews. The next step entails discussing the results of the appraisal process with the employees. Finally, the managers should rely on the findings to initiate the necessary collective actions Bhattacharyya The chart performance appraisal essay illustrates the process of performance appraisal.
When conducting performance appraisal, effective techniques should be used. There are different appraisal techniques suggested by scholars.
Some of these include peers, subordinates, supervisors, customers performance appraisal essay self-appraisal. Organizations should select appraisal techniques that best fit their needs.
However, more than one appraisal methods should be incorporated in order to improve the validity and reliability of the results. An example of performance appraisal system that should be taken into account is the degree. This system enables organizations to collect information about the employee from different sources such as from colleagues, direct reports, suppliers, customers and team members Shaw Performance appraisal is one of the oldest concepts in management.
Over the years, the concept of performance appraisal performance appraisal essay undergone significant development. For example, it has shifted from being based on personality and traits to goals. Currently performance appraisal is also conducted on the basis of results.
From the above analysis, it is evident that performance appraisal is one of the most important management activity. If well implemented, performance appraisal can benefit both employees and the organization. Through performance appraisal, organization management teams are able make effective decisions with regard to various personnel aspects.
For example, they are able to formulate effective employee training and development programs, formulate reward systems, and undertake HR planning. Through performance appraisal, organizations are able to formulate and implement effective employee motivation strategies thus increasing their productivity. The resultant effect is that the effectiveness with which the organizations attain their goals is increased.
On the other hand, performance appraisal essay, performance appraisal enables employees to attain their personal and professional development goals. This is due to the fact that it enables employees to understand their strengths and weaknesses, performance appraisal essay.
Additionally, the training programs implemented by organizations enhance their career paths. However, attainment of the above benefits is dependent on the effectiveness with which organizations have implemented the performance appraisal system.
As a result, the above steps should be taken into account when conducting performance appraisal. Additionally, the most appropriate performance appraisal technique should be used. Bhattacharyya, performance appraisal essay, Dipak. Performance management systems and strategiesSydney: Pearson Education India, n, performance appraisal essay. Grote, Richard, performance appraisal essay.
Performance appraisal question and answer book: A survival guide for managersNew York: American Management Association, Harvard Business School. Performance appraisal: Expert solutions to everyday challenges, London: Pocket Mentor Series, Shaw, Douglas. Performance measurement, management and appraisal sourcebook, Amherst, Mass. Sims, Ronald, performance appraisal essay.
Managing organizational behaviorWestport, CT: Quorum Books, Snell, Scott and Bohlander, George. Managing human resourcesNew York: South-Western Publishers, Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by professional specifically for you? certified writers online. Performance Appraisal.
Table of Performance appraisal essay. Learn More. We will write a custom Essay on Performance Appraisal specifically for you! Not sure if you can write a paper on Performance Appraisal by yourself? This essay on Performance appraisal essay Appraisal was written and submitted by your fellow student.
How to Create a Performance Appraisal Form
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Meaning and Definition of Performance Appraisal Performance appraisal is a formal system that evaluates the quality of a employee’s performance. An appraisal should not be viewed as an end in itself, but rather as an important process within a broader performance management system that links: A¼ Organizational objectives A¼ Day-to-day performance A¼ Professional development A¼ [ ] Performance appraisal is one of the methods of leading and managing employees within the context of their performance. This is why performance appraisals are given so much importance when it comes to managing and enhancing employee performance. A good performance management system however does not rest on any one fixed point May 19, · Performance Appraisals Performance appraisal plays a key role in evaluating the performances of employees and how much they deviate from the expected performance. Kopp () briefly describes five appraisal instruments that can be used to evaluate employees' performance
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